| Family |
Apiaceae |
| English Name |
Mandukparni, Indian penny wort |
| Malayalam Name |
Kondangal, Mutthil |
| Tamil Name |
Vallarai |
| Kannada Name |
Vandelaga, Brahmisappu |
| Telugu Name |
Saraswati aaku, Vallaraku, Brahmi |
| Hindi Name |
Brahma-manduki, Khulakhudi, Mandookaparni |
| Sanskrit Name |
Mandukaparni, Brahmamanduki, Manduki |
| Trade Name |
Mandukparni, Indian penny wort |
| Part Used |
Whole plant |
| In Wild |
NA |
| Under Cultivation |
NA |
| Temperature |
NA |
| Rainfall |
NA |
| Farmers |
NA |
| Traders |
NA |
| Institution |
NA |
| Individually |
NA |
| State/Region |
NA |
| District |
NA |
| Nursery Information |
NA |
| Yield |
As a pure crop, 10-12 tonnes per hectare yield is obtained by 3 harvests in a year. After second year, the yield begins to decline, needing fresh planting. |
| Economic of cultivation |
Approximate cost of cultivation is around
₹ 40,000/- per hectare.
Price: Whole plant- ₹ 100-130/kg
(as on Oct 2018)
|
| Quantitative quality standards |
1. Foreign matter: Nil
2. Ash: Not more than 16.0 per cent
3. Acid-insoluble ash: Not more than 2.5 per
cent
4. Ethanol-soluble extractive: Not less than
17.0 per cent
5. Water-soluble extractive: Not less than
18.0 per cent |
| Description |
Prostrate herbs, rooting at nodes. Leaves simple, alternate, orbicular-reniform, 3-5 cm across, crenate or sub-entire, glabrous, nerves radiating; petiole to 12 cm long, sheathing at base. Flowers very small, sessile, pink, in 2-5 flowered umbels; peduncles 1-2 cm long, axillary. Fruit ovoid, 3-4 mm long, reticulate-rugose, 7-9-ribbed. |
| Agro technology/Cultivation practices |
The plant is abundant on moist, sandy or clayey soils. Centella can be grown in any type of soil with pH 6.0-9.0. It thrives best in monsoon periods in well drained beds. The plants grow well under shade and can tolerate heavy shade.
Cultivation
1. Planting stock production: For propagation, seeds and stem cuttings are
used. One-node stem cuttings can be planted. Roots develop from the
nodes. Three hundred kg rooted stem cuttings are needed to plant in one
hectare land.
2. Field planting: The land should be given a thorough preparatory tillage
of 4-6 ploughings and brought to fine tilth. The land after being
levelled and pressed with a plank is laid out into small compartments to
facilitate irrigation. Seed is sown, broadcast or drilled. Rooted stem
cuttings are planted horizontally at a distance of 30 × 30 cm during
September to November. Providing shade to the transplanted area will
increase the yield of active constituents in the plant. The plant can be
grown as pure crop or in orchards of Mango and other trees.
3. Manuring/ Fertilization: Farmyard manure/compost should be mixed
thoroughly with the soil at the time of field preparation based on
plant/soil analysis. First dose, mix 300 kg cowdung with 100 kg of neem
cake and applied. Same mixture of manure can be given throughout the
year at an interval of 4-6 months.
4. Irrigation: First irrigation is given just after transplantation and
subsequent irrigations at an interval of 8-10 days. During dry months
fortnightly irrigation is needed and needs drainage during rainy season.
5. Weeding: Weeding is done at an interval of 15-20 days.
6. Pests and diseases: There are no serious pests or diseases reported. |
| Harversting |
The crop matures in 90 days period after planting. It is harvested by hand-cutting at fully grown leaf stage at an interval of 15 days in sunny weather to facilitate drying. |
| Processing |
Unwanted material is sorted out from the crop before the harvested material is dried in shade. Leaves are dried under shade. The dried material can be stored in cool dry room packed in bags. |
| References |
NA |
